Tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate, commonly known as THPS, is a versatile chemical compound recognized for its effectiveness as a biocide and flame retardant. Derived from phosphorus chemistry, THPS is widely used in various industrial applications. In microbial control, particularly in industries like oil and gas, water treatment, and pulp and paper processing, THPS serves as a potent biocide, effectively inhibiting the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae. Additionally, THPS exhibits flame-retardant properties, making it valuable in enhancing fire resistance in textiles, wood products, and other materials. THPS plays a crucial role in industries where both microbial control and fire safety are critical considerations.